Nikolay Basov
Soviet physicist who co-developed the laser and maser.
- died
- 1 July 2001, Moscow, Russia
- field
- Physics, quantum electronics
- nationality
- Soviet
Lore & Background
In the early 1950s, Basov and Prokhorov developed theoretical grounds for a molecular oscillator based on ammonia, later known as the maser. He was elected a member of the German Academy of Sciences Leopoldina in 1971. In 1983, he signed a letter condemning U.S.
Reader's Guide
Basov's later innovations, including the three-level laser, semiconductor laser, and disk laser, advanced laser applications in communications, medicine, and defense. His involvement in politics, including his response to the SDI initiative, reflects the intersection of science and Cold War policy. Basov's legacy endures through the widespread use of lasers and masers in modern technology.
Did You Know?
- He served in the Red Army during the Second World War with the 1st Ukrainian Front.
- He was a member of parliament (the Soviet of the Union of the Supreme Soviet) from 1974.
Frequently Asked Questions
Who is Nikolay Basov?
Nikolay Gennadiyevich Basov was a Soviet physicist and educator best known for his foundational research in quantum electronics. His theoretical work helped make the laser and maser practical realities.
Who shared the 1964 Nobel Prize with Nikolay Basov?
He split the prize with fellow Soviet physicist Alexander Prokhorov and American physicist Charles Hard Townes. All three were recognized for their parallel and complementary research on stimulated emission in the infrared and microwave ranges.
Why is Nikolay Basov considered important in the history of physics?
His theoretical framework for quantum electronics gave engineers the blueprint needed to build coherent light and microwave amplifiers. In practical terms, his ideas underpin technologies ranging from barcode scanners to fiber-optic communications.
More in Physicists And Chemists Of The 20Th Century 1-19
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